Gravity concept illustration

Gravity

The force that pulls objects toward each other. On Earth, gravity gives objects weight and causes them to fall downward when dropped. The larger the object, the stronger its gravitational pull.

Energy concept illustration

Energy

The ability to do work or cause change. Energy can't be created or destroyed, only transformed from one type to another - like potential energy becoming kinetic energy when an object falls.

Waves concept illustration

Waves

Disturbances that transfer energy through space or matter. Light, sound, and water ripples are all examples of waves that carry energy from one place to another without moving matter.

Force concept illustration

Forces

Pushes or pulls that can change an object's motion. Forces can speed up, slow down, or change the direction of moving objects. Balanced forces create stability, unbalanced forces create motion.

Matter concept illustration

States of Matter

Matter exists in different states - solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. These states depend on how much energy the particles have and how closely they're packed together.

Electricity concept illustration

Electricity & Magnetism

Electric charges create electric fields, and moving charges create magnetic fields. These two phenomena are intimately connected and form the basis for most modern technology.

Making Connections

These fundamental concepts work together to explain the world around us. When you drop a ball, gravity provides the force that converts potential energy to kinetic energy. When you speak, your vocal cords create sound waves that travel through air. When you rub a balloon on your hair, you're moving electric charges to create static electricity.

Understanding these basic principles helps you see the hidden physics in everyday activities and makes the world a more fascinating place to explore.